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3 July 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. Bihar launches ₹6,000/month CM-PRATIGYA Scheme for Youth Internships & Skill Training
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & State Exams
- Bihar CM Nitish Kumar launches CM-PRATIGYA scheme under Saat Nischay-2.
- Monthly stipend up to ₹6,000 for skill training and internships.
- Target: 1 lakh internships by 2030.
- For Class 12, ITI, diploma, graduates & postgraduates.
- Political significance ahead of Bihar Assembly Elections 2025.
- Focus on skill development, self-reliance, and youth empowerment.
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2 July 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. National Sports Policy 2025 Approved: India Targets Olympic Glory by 2036
Key Points for SSC/UPSC & Other Exams
- National Sports Policy 2025 replaces the 2001 policy.
- Approved by the Union Cabinet led by PM Narendra Modi.
- Aims to transform India into a global sports powerhouse.
- Focuses on Olympic preparation, especially for 2036.
- Based on 5 core pillars including global excellence, education integration, and economic development.
- Aligns with National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.
- Promotes sports tourism, private participation, and startups.
- Includes indigenous games and social inclusion.
- Lays out a strategic implementation framework with KPIs and a model for states.
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2. ₹1 Lakh Crore RDI Scheme Cleared to Boost Private Innovation
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Govt Exams
- Scheme Name: Research Development and Innovation (RDI) Scheme
- Total Outlay: ₹1 lakh crore
- Launched by: Union Cabinet (Chaired by PM)
- Nodal Department: Department of Science and Technology
- Key Objective: Promote private sector-led innovation in strategic and sunrise sectors
- Special Fund Setup: Within Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF)
- Funding Model: Two-tier – Special Purpose Fund and second-level fund managers
- Support Type: Concessional loans, equity, long-term financing
- Target Sectors: High Technology Readiness Levels (TRL), Deep-tech, Emerging Technologies
- Monitoring Body: Empowered Group of Secretaries (headed by Cabinet Secretary)
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3. X Lawyer’s ‘Tom, Dick, and Harry’ Remark on Govt Officers Sparks Legal Controversy
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Govt Exams
- Social media platform X (formerly Twitter) challenged content takedown notices under the IT Act in the Karnataka High Court.
- X’s lawyer used the phrase “Tom, Dick, and Harry” referring to govt officers, sparking official backlash.
- The Centre emphasized statutory powers of officers and called X’s approach arrogant.
- The issue revolves around Section 69A of the Information Technology Act, 2000, which empowers the government to block content in certain cases.
- The Solicitor-General Tushar Mehta defended govt officers’ authority in such takedown actions.
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1 July 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. Rear Admiral Ganapathy Takes Over as MILIT Commandant Amid Technological Transformation
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Government Exams
- Rear Admiral V Ganapathy appointed as the new Commandant of MILIT, Pune.
- MILIT is a Tri-Services Technical Training Institute under Ministry of Defence.
- Ganapathy is an alumnus of CDM, NDC, and DSSC – key defence institutions.
- His tenure comes during a phase of rapid technological evolution in the Armed Forces.
- MILIT trains officers of Army, Navy, Air Force, and foreign militaries.
- Located in Girinagar, Pune, co-located with Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT).
- Commandant post rotates among three services (Army/Navy/Air Force) every two years.
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2. India Hosts 1st ASEAN–India Cruise Dialogue to Boost Indo-Pacific Maritime Ties
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams:
- Event: First-ever ASEAN–India Cruise Dialogue
- Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu
- Inaugurated by: Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal
- Objective: Enhance cruise connectivity, maritime cooperation, and sustainable tourism
- Hosted on: MV Empress, Chennai Port
- Participation: 30+ delegates from all 10 ASEAN nations + Timor Leste
- Initiative Linked: Sagarmala Project
- Target: 1 million cruise passengers annually by 2029
- Vision Alignment: Viksit Bharat 2047 & ASEAN Community Vision 2045
- Sessions Venue: Mamallapuram (UNESCO Heritage Site)
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3. Dalai Lama Hints at Continuation of His Institution Beyond 90th Birthday
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Govt Exams:
- The Dalai Lama turns 90 on July 6, 2025.
- He gave a strong indication about the continuation of the 600-year-old Dalai Lama institution after his death.
- He lives in exile in Dharamshala, India since 1959.
- He is the 14th reincarnation of the Dalai Lama.
- Dalai Lama emphasized popular demand as a condition for the institution’s continuation.
- The occasion was celebrated at Tsuglakhang Temple, Dharamshala.
- The Dalai Lama has transferred political authority to an elected Tibetan government in exile in 2011.
- Concerns exist over China appointing a successor for political influence.
- The institution of Dalai Lama is tied to Tibetan identity and resistance to Chinese control.
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4. Quad Launches First Maritime Mission to Secure Indo-Pacific
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Govt Exams
- First-ever Quad-at-Sea Ship Observer Mission launched
- Countries Involved: India, USA, Japan, Australia (Quad Members)
- Mission Objective: Enhance maritime security and interoperability in Indo-Pacific
- Launched under: Wilmington Declaration 2024
- Strategic Importance: Counters China’s growing influence in Indo-Pacific
- Indian Vision Supported: SAGAR & Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI)
- Includes Women Officers from all four nations
- Ship Used: US Coast Guard Cutter (USCGC) Stratton
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5. India’s First End-to-End EOaaS by SatSure & Dhruva Space: Strategic Milestone in Indigenous Space Tech
Key Points for SSC/UPSC & Govt Exams
- SatSure and Dhruva Space signed an MoU to provide End-to-End Earth Observation-as-a-Service (EOaaS).
- The collaboration combines KaleidEO’s (SatSure subsidiary) EO payloads with Dhruva Space’s satellite platforms and launch services.
- Dhruva Space is building India’s largest private satellite integration facility in Hyderabad, Telangana.
- The partnership aims to offer indigenously developed satellite data solutions for strategic and commercial needs.
- Focus is on fully-managed EO services: satellite development, data analytics, launch, and ground infrastructure.
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6. 1 July 2025 GST Day: One Nation, One Tax Completed 8 Years Today
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- GST Day is observed on July 1 every year.
- First GST Day was celebrated on 1 July 2018.
- GST launched on 1 July 2017 as a major indirect tax reform.
- GST replaced multiple taxes like VAT, Service Tax, Excise Duty, etc.
- It follows a dual structure: CGST, SGST, IGST.
- Maharashtra leads GST collections in FY 2024-25.
- Four main GST slabs: 0%, 5%, 12%, 18%, 28%.
- GST Council governs GST policies; formed after the 101st Constitution Amendment Act.
- Input Tax Credit, Anti-Profiteering, and Composition Scheme are key features.
- A move to 3-rate GST structure is under proposal.
- GST led to increase in tax compliance and consumer savings.
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7. 01 July: National Doctors’ Day in India – Honouring Dr B.C. Roy & 2025 Theme Explained
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Government Exams
- Observed On: 01 July every year in India
- First Observed: 1991
- In Honour Of: Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy (01 July 1882 – 01 July 1962)
- Awarded: Bharat Ratna (1961)
- 2025 Theme: “Behind the Mask: Who Heals the Healers?”
- Dr B.C. Roy Roles: Physician, Freedom Fighter, CM of West Bengal (1948–1962)
- Award in His Memory: B.C. Roy National Award (since 1976)
- Why Important: Recognises doctors’ contribution to public health and society
- Dr B.C. Roy’s Birthday & Death Day: Both on 01 July
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8. MP High Court Acts on 50-Hour Jam: Notice to Centre & NHAI Over Indore-Dewas Chaos
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Government Exams
- Madhya Pradesh High Court issued notice to Centre, NHAI, and local authorities over a massive traffic jam.
- Incident occurred on the Indore-Dewas stretch of the Agra-Mumbai National Highway.
- A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) was filed by a Dewas-based lawyer.
- Court ordered continued diversion for heavy vehicles as an interim solution.
- A man allegedly died of a heart attack due to the traffic jam.
- PIL seeks HC supervision of road construction for accountability.
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27 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. India’s First Green Data Centre Coming Up in Ghaziabad: Foundation Stone Laid
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Government Exams:
- India’s first green data centre is coming up in Sahibabad, Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh).
- Laid by CM Yogi Adityanath and Union Minister Jitendra Singh.
- Being developed by Central Electronics Limited (CEL) in partnership with ESDS.
- The data centre will support 30 MW capacity with modular and eco-friendly features.
- India’s first solar photovoltaic module was made by CEL in 1974.
- A 200 MW solar module project MoU signed between CEL and Multi Infra.
- India’s first quantum unit to come up in Noida, Biotech park near Lucknow.
- CEL is a Mini Ratna PSU under the Ministry of Science & Technology.
- The Green Data Centre will have smart cooling, reflective roofing, rainwater harvesting, and multi-ISP support.
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2. India to Host 2029 World Police & Fire Games in Gujarat
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Government Exams:
- Event Name: 2029 World Police & Fire Games (WPFG)
- Host Country: India
- Host State: Gujarat
- Host Cities: Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Ekta Nagar
- Announced By: Gujarat CM Bhupendra Patel
- Bid Presented At: Birmingham, USA
- Significance: First time India will host WPFG
- Supporting Leaders: PM Narendra Modi, HM Amit Shah
- Vision: Making Ahmedabad the Sporting Capital of India
- Event Focus: International multi-sport event for police and fire personnel
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3. Bihar to Host Its First Nuclear Plant Under ₹20,000 Cr SMR Mission
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams:
- Bihar to get its first-ever nuclear power plant.
- Plant to be based on Small Modular Reactor (SMR) technology.
- Approved under the new ₹20,000 Cr National Nuclear Energy Mission.
- Union Power Minister Manohar Lal Khattar made the announcement.
- 1,000 MW battery storage project also approved for Bihar.
- Bihar to receive 500 MW additional electricity for 6 months.
- Part of Centre’s broader 2035 Power Vision (thermal, solar, wind, nuclear).
- First time Bihar included in the central nuclear energy expansion plan.
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4. Shubhanshu Shukla Becomes First Indian to Set Foot on ISS
Key Points for SSC/UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla becomes the first Indian to set foot on the International Space Station (ISS).
- Mission: Axiom-4 (Ax-4), a commercial spaceflight by Axiom Space (USA).
- Lift-off: June 26, 2025, from Kennedy Space Center, Florida.
- Group Captain Shukla is the second Indian in space after Rakesh Sharma (1984).
- Collaboration between: NASA, ISRO, ESA, SpaceX.
- ISRO paid ₹5 billion (approx. $59 million) for Shukla’s training and mission seat.
- Mission objective: 60 scientific experiments, 7 by ISRO.
- Duration of stay on ISS: 2 weeks.
- Vehicle name: “Grace”, symbolising harmony and goodwill.
- Toy swan “Joy” travelled as a zero-gravity indicator.
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5. CJI Gavai Backs Bombay HC Bench in Kolhapur to Ensure Wider Justice Access
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Government Exams
- CJI B R Gavai supports proposal for new Bombay High Court bench in Kolhapur.
- Existing benches: Mumbai (Principal), Nagpur, Goa, and Aurangabad (Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar).
- CJI Gavai emphasizes justice access in all corners of the country.
- The demand is region-specific: Western Maharashtra.
- Could lead to administrative decentralization and faster case disposal in the region.
- Reflects judicial infrastructure priorities in India.
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25 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. World’s 48th Blood Group “Gwada Negative” Found in French Woman
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Govt Exams
- The 48th blood group system in the world has been officially recognized.
- It is named “Gwada Negative” after the patient’s Guadeloupe origin.
- Discovered by French Blood Establishment (EFS); verified by International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT).
- Patient: A 54-year-old woman from Guadeloupe, living in Paris.
- Discovery enabled by high-throughput DNA sequencing.
- The patient is the only known compatible person for this blood type globally.
- Discovery highlights advancement in genetic testing in modern medicine.
- The ABO system was discovered in the early 1900s; this is the first new system after 47.
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2. India Launches EV Manufacturing Scheme; Portal Open for Big Auto Players
Key Points (For SSC & Govt Exam Aspirants)
- Scheme launched: Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India (SPMEPCI), notified on 15 Mar 2024.
- Portal live: Applications open from 24 Jun–21 Oct 2025 (extendable until 15 Mar 2026).
- Import duty benefit: Lowered to 15% for CBUs valued ≥ USD 35,000, capped at 8,000 units annually.
- Minimum investment: ₹4,150 crore within 3 years of approval.
- Domestic value addition (DVA): 25% in 3 years, 50% in 5 years.
- Eligibility: Global group revenue ≥ ₹10,000 crore; fixed assets ≥ ₹3,000 crore.
- Security: Bank guarantee equals duty forgone or ₹4,150 cr, whichever is higher.
- Application fee: ₹5 lakh non-refundable.
- Tesla’s stance: Interested only in showrooms; not in local manufacturing.
- Foreign investment constraints: Applies to land-border sharing nations like Pakistan, China .
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3. Life‑Saving Move: Integrating Rare Donor Registry with e‑Rakt Kosh
Key Points for SSC & Govt Exams
- India’s Health Ministry plans to integrate Rare Donor Registry with national e-Rakt Kosh.
- Registry contains 4,000 donors tested for 300+ rare markers (Bombay, Rh-null, P-null).
- Initiative under National Health Mission (NHS) to streamline rare blood availability.
- ICMR‑NIIH developed India‑tailored DNA screening kits and point-of-care tests.
- Cost reduction: sickle cell test from ₹350 to under ₹50 per kit; govt saved ~₹1,857 crore.
- Technologies commercialized via Bhat Biotech (Bio‑Scan brand, Aug 2023).
- India is second globally (~140,000) in Hemophilia cases; new tests target Hemophilia A, Von Willebrand.
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4. India’s First Nationwide Household Income Survey 2026 – Key Data Ahead
Key Points for SSC & Govt Exams (Highlight)
- Launch Year: India’s first full-fledged all‑India Household Income Survey to be conducted in 2026, led by NSS under MoSPI.
- Historical Pilots: Experimental income data collected in 1955, 1958–59, 1964–65, 1969–70, and pilot in 1983–84; none converted into national sample due to inconsistent results .
- Need & Purpose: Bridge data gaps in income distribution, underpin policymaking on inequality and welfare.
- Technical Expert Group (TEG): Chaired by Dr. Surjit S. Bhalla (former IMF Executive Director), includes 8 experts from ISI Kolkata, NCAER, JNU, DSE, Hyderabad, NSE, etc.
- TEG Responsibilities: Finalise definitions, questionnaire, sampling, estimation, international best practices, assess technology’s impact on wages.
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5. Iran May Cut Ties with IAEA Amid Nuclear Site Attacks
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Exams
- Iran’s Parliament is debating a bill to suspend cooperation with the IAEA.
- The move comes after U.S. and Israeli attacks on Iran’s nuclear facilities.
- Iran blames IAEA for political bias and failure to ensure safety.
- IAEA held an emergency Board of Governors meeting in Vienna.
- Former IAEA chief Mohamed ElBaradei likened the crisis to the 2003 Iraq war.
- Iran cites UNSC Resolution 487 against attacks on nuclear sites.
- Current IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi warns of global nuclear risk.
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6. Ambubachi Mela at Kamakhya Temple – Assam’s Monsoon Fertility Ritual
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Govt Exams
- Ambubachi Mela is held annually at Kamakhya Temple, Guwahati (Assam).
- Celebrated during the Assamese month of Ahaar (June), coinciding with the monsoon.
- It marks the annual menstruation of Goddess Kamakhya, a symbol of fertility and creation.
- The temple remains closed for three days, and on the fourth day, reopens for darshan.
- Devotees receive Angodak (sacred spring water) and Angabastra (red cloth) as holy prasad.
- Assam government allocated ₹4.55 crore for arrangements in 2025.
- The festival promotes awareness about feminine energy and natural cycles.
- Over 7–8 lakh devotees attend the festival every year.
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21 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. Para Athletics 2025: Logo & Mascot Unveiled 100 Days Out
Key Points (Important for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams)
- Event Name & Dates: 12th World Para Athletics Championships, New Delhi, from September 27 to October 5, 2025
- Venue: Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, New Delhi (Seating Capacity: 60,000)
- Organised by: Paralympic Committee of India (PCI)
- Mascot Name: Viraaj – a young elephant with a blade prosthesis
- Total Medal Events: 186 (101 men’s, 84 women’s, 1 mixed)
- Significance: First time India is hosting this global championship
- Asian Hosts Previously: Doha (2015, Qatar), Dubai (2019, UAE), Kobe (2024, Japan)
- Participants: Over 100 countries expected
- Track & Venue Status: Being relaid; ready by August
- PCI President: Devendra Jhajharia (Two-time Paralympic gold medallist)
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2. K Paul Thomas Becomes New Chairman of Sa-Dhan
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Government Exams
- K Paul Thomas (MD & CEO, ESAF Small Finance Bank) elected Chairman of Sa-Dhan.
- Sa-Dhan is an RBI-recognized Self-Regulatory Organization (SRO).
- New board includes co-chairs from Muthoot Microfin and Cashpor.
- Vivekananda Salimath (IDF) appointed as Treasurer.
- Decision made during Sa-Dhan’s AGM attended by ~100 members.
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3. SC Bar Bodies Slam ED Summons—Legal Independence Under Threat
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Government Exams
- Supreme Court Bar Association (SCBA) and Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association (SCAORA) condemned ED summons.
- Summons were issued to senior advocates Arvind Datar and Pratap Venugopal.
- ED withdrew the notices after backlash.
- Bar bodies called the move a threat to the independence of the legal profession.
- Raises concerns over the misuse of investigative powers against legal practitioners.
- Important from polity, judiciary, and constitutional rights perspectives.
- Related to Enforcement Directorate (ED) and Supreme Court of India—both important institutions for exams.
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4. Neeraj Chopra Wins Paris Diamond League 2025 with 88.16m Throw
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Govt Exams
- Neeraj Chopra won the Paris Diamond League 2025 with a massive 88.16m throw.
- The event was held at Stade Charléty, Paris.
- His winning throw came in his very first attempt.
- Germany’s Julian Weber finished second with 87.88m.
- Brazil’s Luiz Maurício da Silva set a new South American record: 86.62m.
- This was Chopra’s first Paris Diamond League appearance since 2017.
- The 2025 Diamond League final will be held in Zurich.
- Neeraj previously set a new Indian national record of 90.23m in Doha 2025.
- The Diamond League is an annual international athletics competition.
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5. International Yoga Day 2025: ‘Yog Sangam’ Event in Goa Highlights India’s Yoga Diplomacy
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- 11th International Yoga Day: Observed on 21st June 2025.
- Theme of 2025: Yoga for One Earth, One Health.
- Main National Event: Held in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh; PM Modi participated.
- State-level Event in Goa: Yog Sangam organized at Pedem Sports Complex, Mhapussa.
- Organizer: All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), Goa.
- Major Activities: Harita Yoga, Yoga sessions, quizzes, medical camps.
- Guidance By: Prof. Dr. Sujata Kadam & Prof. Dr. Mohan Joshi, AIIA Goa.
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20 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. DGFT Curbs Gold-Alloy Imports Above 1%: New Restrictions on CTH 7110 & 2843
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Government Exams
- DGFT imposes import restrictions on precious metal alloys and compounds.
- Imports of palladium, rhodium, iridium alloys with over 1% gold now restricted.
- Entire Customs Tariff Heading (CTH) 7110 brought under uniform import policy.
- New rules also affect colloidal metals and compounds under CTH 2843.
- Industrial imports allowed only with proper authorisation.
- Aimed at preventing disguised gold imports through chemicals.
- Notifications issued under Ministry of Commerce & Industry.
- Date of effect: 17 June 2025.
- Earlier restriction on platinum imports issued on 5 March 2025.
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2. India Becomes World’s 3rd-Largest Power Generator: IEA Report 2024
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Govt Exam Aspirants
- India ranks 3rd globally in power generation growth (2019–2024) as per IEA.
- Top countries: China (1st), USA (2nd), India (3rd).
- Over 83% of India’s power sector investment in 2024 was in clean energy.
- Solar PV led non-fossil investments (over 50% share).
- India received $2.4 billion DFI funding in clean energy (highest globally).
- $5 billion FDI in power sector (2023) — almost double pre-COVID levels.
- India allows 100% FDI in most power sectors (excluding nuclear).
- Flagship policies: National Solar Mission, PLI for renewable manufacturing, Green Energy Corridors.
- Target: 500 GW non-fossil capacity by 2030, Net Zero by 2070.
- Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) in energy declined recently but long-term outlook is positive.
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3. India’s Green Revival 2025: Revised Green India Mission to Restore 24.7 Million Hectares and Exceed Climate Targets
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Government Exams
- Green India Mission (GIM) launched in 2014 under National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).
- Revised GIM roadmap released in 2025 by the Centre.
- Targets restoration of 24.7 million hectares of forest and green cover by 2030.
- Aligns with India’s climate targets under UNFCCC.
- Estimated cost of Aravalli Green Wall Project: ₹16,053 crore.
- Focus areas: Aravalli ranges, Western Ghats, Himalayas, Mangroves.
- Total land degraded in India: 97.85 million hectares (ISRO Atlas, 2018–19).
- India’s carbon sink achievement (2005–2021): 2.29 billion tonnes CO₂ equivalent.
- Goal: Create additional carbon sink of 2.5–3 billion tonnes CO₂ by 2030.
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4. FASTag Annual Pass from Aug 15: 1-Year/200 Trips for ₹3000 – Activation & Benefits Explained
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Government Exams
- FASTag Annual Pass to launch from 15th August 2025.
- Introduced by the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH).
- Cost: ₹3,000 for 1 year or 200 trips, whichever is earlier.
- Available on the Rajmargyatra App and NHAI website only.
- Scheme aims to promote cashless, seamless travel on national highways.
- Eligibility check is mandatory for activation.
- Will benefit regular short-distance commuters on national highways.
- Managed by National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).
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5. 13 Nations Face Extreme Hunger Threats in FAO-WFP Alert (June–October 2025)
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, State PSC & Other Competitive Exams
- FAO and WFP released a Hunger Hotspots report for June–October 2025.
- 13 countries/territories are listed as acute food insecurity hotspots.
- Sudan, Palestine (Gaza Strip), South Sudan, Haiti, and Mali are in “Highest Concern” category (IPC Phase 5 – Catastrophe).
- Causes: Conflict, displacement, economic collapse, climate shocks, and funding cuts.
- 470,000+ people in Gaza and 63,000 in South Sudan may face famine-like conditions.
- Sudan has 24.6 million in food crisis or worse.
- Funding for food assistance is 91% below required levels as of May 2025.
- Humanitarian aid is being scaled back due to donor fatigue.
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6. Veteran Actor-Director Vivek Lagoo Passes Away at 74 – Known for Marathi & Hindi Contributions
Key Points for SSC/UPSC and Other Government Exams
- Veteran actor-director Vivek Lagoo passed away at the age of 74.
- Worked extensively in Marathi and Hindi cinema, as well as Marathi theatre.
- Former husband of renowned actress Reema Lagoo.
- Notable works include: Godawari Ne Kaay Kele, Ugly, What About Savarkar?, and 31 Divas.
- His last rites were conducted at Oshiwara Crematorium, Mumbai.
- Known for his versatility in film, television, and theatre.
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7. Kailash Mansarovar Yatra Resumes Today via Nathu La after 5-Year Suspension
Key Points for SSC & Other Government Exams
- Kailash Mansarovar Yatra 2025 resumed today from Nathu La Pass, Sikkim, after a 5-year halt.
- Suspended since 2020 due to COVID-19 and India-China border tensions.
- 750 pilgrims selected via computerized draw by Ministry of External Affairs (MEA).
- Seen as a step towards India-China normalisation.
- Flagged off by Sikkim Governor Om Prakash Mathur at 8:45 AM.
- MEA is the official organiser of the Yatra.
- Two routes: Lipulekh (Uttarakhand) and Nathu La (Sikkim); both fully motorable.
- Significant to Hindus, Buddhists, and Jains.
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8. India Falls to Rank 71 in WEF’s Energy Transition Index 2025
Key Points for SSC & Government Exams
- India ranks 71st in the World Economic Forum’s (WEF) Energy Transition Index 2025.
- India had ranked 63rd in 2024, marking a decline of 8 positions.
- Index ranks 118 countries based on energy system performance and transition readiness.
- India’s total ETI score: 53.3; system performance: 60.4; transition readiness: 42.7.
- Sweden tops the index; other top countries include Finland, Denmark, and Norway.
- China leads “Emerging Asia” with high innovation and financial capacity.
- WEF report highlights progress in India’s energy equity, regulations, and investment.
- Challenges for India include rural energy access and infrastructure development.
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9. World Refugee Day 2025 – Solidarity with Refugees
Key Points (SSC/Govt Exam Focus)
- Date: June 20 each year – designated by the UN.
- 2025 Theme: “Solidarity with Refugees” – shifting from empathy to action.
- Global Displacement: Over 70 million forcibly displaced; nearly 30 million refugees.
- Categories: Refugees, Asylum-seekers, IDPs, Stateless persons, Returnees.
- UN 1951 Convention + 1967 Protocol:
- Principle of non-refoulement
- Rights: work, housing, education, freedom of movement, legal access
- Significance: Empowers refugee contributions, strengthens communities, promotes inclusion.
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10. Chandigarh Tops PGI 2.0 2023-24 Report; Meghalaya at Bottom – Key Education Rankings
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Government Exams
- Top Performers: Chandigarh (703), Punjab (631.1), Delhi (623.7)
- Lowest Performers: Meghalaya (417.9), Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Nagaland, Bihar
- Total Points: Scores out of 1000
- PGI 2.0 Domains: Learning outcome, Access, Infrastructure, Equity, Governance, Teacher Education
- Data Sources: NAS 2021, UDISE+, PM POSHAN
- Total States/UTs Evaluated: 36
- Improved Scores: 25 states/UTs improved from 2022-23 to 2023-24
- Not Comparable: PGI 2.0 is structurally different from earlier PGI versions
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11. India-UK FTA to Become Strategic Economic Partnership: Piyush Goyal at India Global Forum 2025
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- India aims to convert the India-UK Free Trade Agreement (FTA) from a negotiated text into a strategic economic partnership.
- Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal highlighted the significance of the FTA at India Global Forum 2025 in London.
- The agreement promotes cooperation in trade, technology, and mobility.
- The FTA reflects shared goals of India and the UK, both being vibrant democracies.
- UK Secretary of State for Business and Trade, Jonathan Reynolds, also participated in the event.
- The deal strengthens India’s trade diplomacy by ensuring a balanced, future-oriented framework.
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19 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. Desi Oon Wins Big: Puts Indian Animation on Global Map with Annecy 2025 Jury Award
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Government Exams
- Desi Oon, an Indian animated film, won the Jury Award for Best Commissioned Film at the Annecy International Animation Festival 2025 in France.
- Created by Suresh Eriyat, it also won Best Film at WAVES 2025 in Mumbai.
- WAVES is India’s premier animation platform under the Create in India Challenge.
- The film is shortlisted at Cannes Lions 2025 under the Film Craft Lions category.
- The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting launched Create in India Challenge to boost creative talent.
- Annecy is considered the world’s most prestigious animation festival.
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2. World Sickle Cell Day 2025: UN Marks June 19 for Global Action, India Faces Second-Highest Disease Burden
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- World Sickle Cell Day is observed annually on June 19.
- Declared by the United Nations in 2008.
- Theme for 2025: “Global Action, Local Impact: Empowering Communities for Effective Self-Advocacy”.
- India ranks second globally in sickle cell disease burden.
- Affects predominantly Scheduled Tribes and forest-dwelling communities.
- Sickle cell trait is inherited and not a disease, but a carrier status.
- Early diagnosis through blood tests (CBC, MCV, HPLC, etc.) is essential.
- Sickle cell gene evolved in Africa as a malaria defense mechanism.
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3. EPICs to Be Delivered in 15 Days: ECI’s New System Revolutionizes Voter Services
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Exams
- EPICs (Elector Photo Identity Cards) will now be delivered within 15 days.
- The Election Commission has introduced a new SOP for faster EPIC issuance.
- Real-time tracking enabled from generation to delivery.
- Electors will receive SMS updates at every stage.
- Applies to both new enrollments and changes in existing details.
- Aim: Enhance service delivery without compromising data security.
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17 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. MoU Signed to Launch UPI in Cyprus for Cross-Border Payments
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- India and Cyprus signed an MoU to introduce UPI services in Cyprus.
- The agreement aims to ease cross-border payments for tourists and businesses.
- Cyprus is among the top 10 sources of FDI for India with $15 billion cumulative inflow.
- India-Greece-Cyprus Business and Investment Council launched for trilateral cooperation.
- NSE International Exchange at Gift City signed MoU with Cyprus Stock Exchange.
- Two-way trade between India and Cyprus stood at $137 million in 2023-24.
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2. Wholesale Inflation Drops to 14-Month Low of 0.39% in May 2025
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- India’s wholesale inflation fell to 0.39% in May 2025, a 14-month low.
- WPI (Wholesale Price Index) measures factory gate prices before retail.
- May inflation was down from 0.85% in April 2025.
- The decline is attributed to lower prices of minerals, mineral oils, non-food articles.
- Prices of food articles, coal, electricity increased in May 2025.
- WPI base year = 2011-12
- Released by Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
- WPI groups: Primary articles, Fuel & Power, Manufactured Products
- 10 out of 22 NIC groups saw price rise; 9 groups saw price fall.
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3. Britain’s MI6 Appoints First Woman Chief Blaise Metreweli — A Historic Milestone in UK Intelligence
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- Blaise Metreweli becomes the first woman to head Britain’s MI6 (Secret Intelligence Service) since its establishment in 1909.
- She will replace Richard Moore, who served as MI6 chief for five years.
- Metreweli is currently Director of Technology and Innovation at MI6.
- She holds an Anthropology degree from Cambridge University and was part of its women’s rowing team.
- The appointment was announced by UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer during the G7 summit in Alberta, Canada.
- MI5 and GCHQ, other UK intelligence agencies, have had women leaders before MI6.
- Major challenges faced by MI6: threats from China, Russia, cyber warfare, and terrorism.
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4. India’s Jobless Rate Climbs to 5.6% in May 2025 Amid Post-Harvest Rural Slowdown
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Government Exams
- India’s unemployment rate rose to 5.6% in May 2025, up from 5.1% in April 2025.
- Rise in joblessness is linked to the post-harvest decline in farm jobs.
- Urban youth (15-29 years) unemployment: 17.9% in May (up from 17.2% in April).
- Rural youth unemployment: 13.7% in May (up from 12.3% in April).
- Share of rural workers in agriculture fell from 45.9% (April) to 43.5% (May).
- Female labour force participation dipped to 27.8% from 28.8%.
- Manufacturing growth slowed to a 3-month low in May 2025.
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5. Vietnam Becomes BRICS Partner Country, Strengthening Global South Voice
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- Vietnam officially joined BRICS as a Partner Country in 2025.
- The announcement was made by Brazil, the current BRICS Chair (2025).
- Vietnam is the 10th Partner Country of BRICS after Belarus, Bolivia, Kazakhstan, Cuba, Malaysia, Nigeria, Thailand, Uganda, and Uzbekistan.
- The Partner Country category was introduced at the 16th BRICS Summit, Kazan, Russia (October 2024).
- Vietnam’s foreign policy: independence, self-reliance, multilateralisation, diversification.
- BRICS founding members: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa.
- Recent BRICS full members: Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, UAE.
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16 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. Karnataka Adds Record 1,331 MW Wind Power in 2024-25, Leads India’s Renewable Drive
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- Karnataka added 1,331.48 MW wind power capacity in 2024-25.
- Karnataka’s total wind capacity now stands at 7,351 MW.
- India’s wind power installed capacity: 51.5 GW (4th largest globally).
- India’s renewable energy target: 500 GW by 2030, including 100 GW wind energy.
- Karnataka signed ₹4 lakh crore investments at Global Investors Meet 2025.
- Plans for 17 GW wind power projects, including 5 GW Renewable Energy Cluster Programme.
- India exported 3.5–4 GW wind turbines/modules in 2024-25.
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2. Visakhapatnam to Host 11th International Day of Yoga 2025 – Major Review Held by Ministry of Ayush
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Government Exams
- The 11th International Day of Yoga (IDY) will be hosted by Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh in 2025.
- Ministry of Ayush and Government of Andhra Pradesh are jointly coordinating preparations.
- The Yogandhra initiative aims to reach over 2 crore people in Andhra Pradesh.
- Main venues: RK Beach, Rishikonda Beach, Andhra University, GITAM University.
- Mass participation target: 5 lakh people in Visakhapatnam, 1 lakh locations across Andhra Pradesh.
- Focus on “Yoga for One Earth, One Health” theme in 2025.
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3. 21% of Global Ocean Darkened in Two Decades: Serious Threat to Marine Biodiversity
Key Points for SSC, UPSC and Other Government Exams
- 21% of the global ocean has darkened between 2003-2022, reducing light in photic zones.
- Photic zone depth declined by over 50 meters in 9% of global ocean areas.
- Ocean darkening affects photosynthesis, threatening marine ecosystems and biodiversity.
- Coastal darkening linked to agricultural runoff, sediment erosion, and algal blooms.
- Open ocean darkening caused by plankton dynamics and sea temperature rise.
- Key indicator species: Calanus copepods—essential in marine food chains.
- Ocean darkening disrupts carbon cycling, oxygen production, and climate regulation.
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4. Telangana Govt Presents Film Awards 2024: Allu Arjun Bags Best Actor for Pushpa-2
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Govt Exams
- Event: Gaddar Telangana Film Awards 2024 presented by Telangana Govt.
- Chief Minister: A Revanth Reddy presented the awards at Hyderabad.
- Best Actor Award: Allu Arjun for Pushpa-2.
- Other Awardees:
- Mani Ratnam: Paidi Jairaj Film Award (Indian Film Personality)
- N Balakrishna: NTR Film Award
- Vijay Devarakonda: Kantha Rao Award
- Significance: Awards resumed after a gap of 10 years.
- Govt Vision: Telangana to become $3 trillion economy by 2047; support for film industry growth.
- Location: Hyderabad, Telangana
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5. Stronger Intergenerational Bonds in Non-Metro Cities Revealed by HelpAge India Study 2025
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- Study Name: India Intergenerational Bonds – INBO Report
- Conducted By: HelpAge India
- Occasion: World Elder Abuse Awareness Day (WEAAD) 2025
- Sample Size: 5789 respondents across 10 cities
- Major Finding: Non-metro cities show stronger intergenerational bonds
- Youth & Elder Interaction: Two-thirds of elders and 70% youth report daily interaction as key factor
- Cities Covered: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Kanpur, Nagpur, Ahmedabad, and others
- Released By: Paramjit Singh, Director, Punjab & Chandigarh, Mera Yuva Bharat
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6. NAKSHA Phase 2 Second Batch Training Begins June 16: Key Update for Modern Urban Land Survey
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Govt Exams
- Second batch of Phase 2 NAKSHA Capacity Building Programme begins on June 16, 2025
- Organised by Department of Land Resources (DoLR) under the Ministry of Rural Development
- Aims to train officers in modern geospatial land survey techniques
- Training at 4 National Centres of Excellence
- Focus on GNSS, ETS, Web-GIS applications, land parcel mapping
- 128 officers from 74 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to participate
- NAKSHA launched as pilot in 157 ULBs across 27 States and 3 UTs
- Collaboration with Survey of India, NICSI, MPSeDC, and 5 Centres of Excellence
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7. Hillang Yajik Becomes First Arunachal Woman to Win Gold in South Asian Bodybuilding 2025
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- Event: 15th South Asian Bodybuilding and Physique Sports Championships 2025
- Venue: Thimphu, Bhutan
- Winner: Yajik Hillang (India)
- Achievement: Gold Medal in Women’s Model Physique (upto 155 cm category)
- Significance: First female physique sports athlete from Arunachal Pradesh to win an international gold
- Organiser: South Asian Bodybuilding and Physique Sports Federation (SABPSF)
- Recognition: Recognised by World Bodybuilding and Physique Sports Federation (WBPF)
- Duration: 5-day event
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8. Fact Time: U Mumba Clinches Ultimate Table Tennis 2025 Title, Defeating Jaipur Patriots 8-4
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- U Mumba won the Ultimate Table Tennis 2025 title by defeating Jaipur Patriots 8-4 in the final.
- The final was held at EKA Arena, Ahmedabad.
- U Mumba captain Bernadette Szocs was named Female MVP of the season.
- Dempo Goa Challengers’ skipper Harmeet Desai was named Male MVP of the season.
- Prize money: U Mumba (Rs 60 lakh), Jaipur Patriots (Rs 40 lakh), Dabang Delhi TTC & Goa Challengers (Rs 17.5 lakh each).
- Shot of the League: Adriana Diaz (Kolkata ThunderBlades).
- All 23 matches were played over 16 days at the same venue.
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9. Haryana CM Saini Lays Foundations of 14 Projects Worth ₹288 Cr in Rewari
Key Points for SSC & Govt. Exams
- Number of projects: 14 development initiatives
- Total investment: Over ₹288 crore
- Location: Rewari, Haryana
- Inauguration: New jail in Rewari
- Speed of development: CM promises “triple speed” growth for Rewari
- Project details: Foundation laid today by CM Nayab Singh Saini
- Manifesto promises: 217 in total; 28 fulfilled, 90 to be completed this year
- Dignitaries present: Union MoS Rao Indrajit Singh, Health Minister Arti Singh Rao, Cooperation & Jail Minister Dr. Arvind Sharma, and Tijara MLA Baba Balaknath
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14 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. Delhi Excise Policy 2025: Govt Plans Clean, Transparent Liquor Framework with Social Security at Core
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- Delhi Government is preparing a new excise policy focused on transparency, accountability, and social safeguards.
- A high-powered committee led by Chief Secretary Dharmendra Kumar will submit recommendations by 30 June 2025.
- Emphasis on digitisation of liquor sales, quality testing, curbing illegal liquor, and strict regulatory oversight.
- The policy prioritises public interest over corporate profits, unlike the previous excise regime.
- CM Rekha Gupta highlights a people-first approach with focus on safety, health, and welfare of vulnerable sections.
- Comparative study of excise policies of other Indian states will guide reforms.
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2. Assam CM Launches Mukhya Mantrir Jiban Anuprerana Scheme to Support Research Scholars
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Government Exams
- Scheme Name: Mukhya Mantrir Jiban Anuprerana Scheme
- Launched by: Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma
- Year of Launch: 2025
- Purpose: Financial assistance to research scholars, especially those with disabilities
- One-time Grant: ₹25,000 (general scholars); ₹40,000 (Divyang scholars)
- Beneficiaries: Permanent residents of Assam enrolled in public institutions
- Associated Initiative: Swagata Satirtha Portal (for employee transfer transparency)
- Other Related Schemes: Apun Ghar housing loan (limit raised to ₹30 lakh); Nijut Moina (monthly aid for girl students)
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3. KUSUM-C Scheme 2025: Karnataka’s Big Push for Solar-Powered Agriculture
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- Scheme Name: KUSUM-C (Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan – Component C)
- Launched by: Chief Minister Siddaramaiah (Karnataka)
- Launch Year: 2025
- Target: Provide 7 hours daytime electricity for agriculture via solar power
- Solarisation: 389 substations, 2,396 MW capacity
- Beneficiaries: 1,555 agricultural feeders, 6.32 lakh pump sets
- Subsidy: ₹19,000 crore for pump sets; 80% subsidy on solar (50% state + 30% central)
- Electricity goal: 60,000 MW capacity by 2030
- Smart meters: Prepaid meters in govt offices under RDSS, ₹900 subsidy per meter
- Environmental goal: Promote decentralised solar power, reduce fossil fuel use
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4. ADB Approves $109.97 Million Loan for Gujarat Skill Development
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- ADB Loan: $109.97 million results-based loan approved for Gujarat.
- Objective: Boost advanced skills, employability, and industry-aligned workforce in Gujarat.
- Focus sectors: Logistics, automotive, manufacturing, IT, renewable energy, healthcare, agri-tech.
- Target: By 2030, train 175,000 disadvantaged individuals; graduate 60,000 with advanced skills.
- Implementing agency: Labor, Skill Development & Employment Department with Kaushalya: The Skill University (KSU).
- Model: Results-based lending (RBL); disbursement linked to measurable results.
- Alignment: National Education Policy 2020, Gujarat Skill Development Plan (2025–2030).
- Inclusion focus: Increased participation of women, socioeconomically disadvantaged groups.
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5. 122.1 Million People Displaced Globally as Aid Falls Short
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- Global displaced population: 122.1 million (April 2025)
- Internally displaced persons (IDPs): 73.5 million
- Top displacement drivers: Sudan (14.3 million), Syria (13.5 million), Afghanistan (10.3 million), Ukraine (8.8 million)
- Major refugee hosting countries: Iran (3.5 million), Turkey (2.9 million), Colombia (2.8 million), Germany (2.7 million), Uganda (1.8 million)
- 2024 returns: 9.8 million (including 2 million Syrians)
- UNHCR funding crisis: Severe shortfall as nations reduce aid
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6. India Stops Rare Earth Exports to Japan to Boost Local Capacity
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Exams
- India suspended rare earth exports to Japan in 2025 to build domestic capacity.
- The decision affects a 2012 bilateral agreement between IREL (India Rare Earths Limited) and Toyotsu Rare Earths India.
- The export halt comes amid China’s rare earth export restrictions (April 2025).
- India holds the 5th-largest rare earth reserves (~6.9 million metric tons) globally.
- India aims to extract 450 MT of Neodymium by FY 2026 and double production by 2030.
- India imported 53,748 MT of rare earth magnets in FY2024-25, mainly from China.
- Rare earth mining in India is done only by IREL under the Department of Atomic Energy.
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7. India Slips to 131st Rank in Global Gender Gap Index 2025: Gender Gap Widens Further
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- India’s Rank (2025): 131 out of 148 countries (129th in 2024)
- Gender Parity Score: 64.1% — among the lowest in South Asia
- Top Performer (Global): Iceland (Rank 1, 16th year in a row)
- Top Performer (South Asia): Bangladesh (24th rank globally)
- India’s Economic Participation Parity: Improved to 40.7%
- India’s Education Attainment Parity: 97.1%
- India’s Health & Survival Parity: Improvement in sex ratio at birth
- India’s Political Empowerment Parity: Decline in women’s representation in Parliament (13.8%) and ministerial positions (5.6%)
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13 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. Priyanka Goswami Wins Gold at Austrian Racewalking Championships 2025
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- Priyanka Goswami won gold in the women’s 10 km racewalk at the Austrian Racewalking Championships 2025 in Innsbruck.
- She clocked 47:54, securing her first win of the season.
- In the men’s 35 km racewalk, Sandeep Kumar won silver (2:38:45) and Ram Baboo bagged bronze (2:41:47).
- Jaromír Morávek (Czech Republic) won gold in men’s 35 km with 2:34:41.
- Sandeep Kumar is India’s 50 km racewalk national record holder and a 2020 Tokyo Olympian; he also won bronze at 2022 Commonwealth Games (10,000m).
- Ram Baboo holds the Indian 35 km racewalk record (2:29:56).
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2. Eurasian Otter Returns to Kashmir After 30 Years: A Sign of River Revival
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Government Exams
- Species Spotted: Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra), locally known as Wuddar.
- Location: Tributary of Lidder River near Srigufwara, Bijbehara, South Kashmir.
- IUCN Status: Near Threatened.
- Importance: Indicator of clean water and healthy ecosystems; keystone species.
- Other Sightings: Chenab River, Rambiara stream (Shopian), Gurez Valley (Bandipora).
- Threats: Habitat loss, water pollution, poaching, wetland destruction.
- National Presence: Western Ghats, Himalayan foothills, Goa, North-East India, Chambal river stretch.
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3. Hortoki–Sairang Rail Link: CRS Nod Connects Mizoram Capital to Indian Rail Network
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Government Exams
- Hortoki–Sairang line length: 33.86 km
- Bairabi–Sairang rail project length: 51.38 km
- No. of tunnels in Bairabi–Sairang project: 48 (cumulative length 12,853 m)
- No. of major bridges: 55
- Tallest bridge: Bridge no. 196, 104 m (42 m taller than Qutub Minar)
- Speed limit on the new stretch: 90 kmph
- Final CRS inspection: June 6–10, 2025
- Ministry overseeing CRS: Ministry of Civil Aviation
- Project aim: To connect all northeast state capitals to Indian Railways
- Northeast rail projects (as of April 1, 2024): 18 projects (13 new line, 5 doubling), 1,368 km planned, Rs 74,972 crore cost
- Expenditure till March 2024: Rs 40,549 crore
- Capital of Mizoram: Aizawl
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4. Lok Samvardhan Parv 2025: 11 Years of Government’s Inclusive Development Celebrated at Raj Ghat
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Other Govt Exams
- Event Name: Lok Samvardhan Parv 2025
- Organised By: Ministry of Minority Affairs
- Venue: Birsa Munda Lawn, Gandhi Darshan, Raj Ghat, New Delhi
- Dates: 11th to 15th June 2025
- Purpose: Celebrating completion of 11 years of Government, promoting inclusive development, cultural pride, and empowerment of minority communities
- Key Schemes Showcased: PM VIKAS (Pradhan Mantri Virasat Ka Samvardhan), NMDFC schemes
- Participating States: Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh
- Features: Exhibition-cum-sale of handicrafts, cultural performances, market linkages for artisans
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5. Retail Inflation Hits 6-Year Low: CPI at 2.82% in May 2025
Key Points for SSC, UPSC, and Government Exams
- Retail inflation (CPI) in India fell to 2.82% in May 2025, the lowest since February 2019.
- Decline mainly driven by fall in food prices, including pulses, vegetables, fruits, cereals, and sugar.
- Rural headline inflation in May 2025 was 2.59%, compared to 2.92% in April.
- Urban headline inflation stayed below 3% as well, reflecting moderation in price rise.
- Housing inflation at 3.16% (May) vs 3.06% (April).
- Education inflation at 4.12% (May) vs 4.13% (April).
- DBS and Elara Securities expect full-year inflation below 4%, keeping space open for policy rate adjustments.
- Monetary policy focus: RBI may consider a 25 bps rate cut depending on inflation trends and monsoon impact.
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12 June 2025 Important Current Affairs
1. Neutrino Breakthrough 2025: KATRIN Sets Strongest Mass Limit
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Exams
- KATRIN (Germany) sets the most precise upper limit on the mass of electron neutrinos.
- Neutrino mass now estimated to be below 0.2 eV.
- Neutrinos are chargeless, nearly massless, and rarely interact with matter.
- Neutrino oscillation proves they have non-zero mass, challenging the Standard Model of physics.
- India’s INO project (Tamil Nadu) is a global-level initiative in neutrino research.
- India first detected atmospheric neutrinos in 1965 at Kolar Gold Fields.
- KATRIN uses tritium beta decay to track the energy of electrons for measuring neutrino mass.
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2. India’s Population Hits 146.39 Cr with Falling Fertility: UNFPA 2025 Report Insights
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Exams
- India’s population: 146.39 crore as of April 2025.
- Total Fertility Rate (TFR): 1.9 – below the replacement level of 2.1.
- Report by: UNFPA – State of the World Population 2025.
- Global Population: 8.2 billion; fertility slowing globally.
- India’s demographic transition: Large working-age group (68%), youth (24%), and ageing (7%).
- Important Concepts: TFR, Reproductive Agency, Demographic Dividend.
- Policy Focus Areas: Reproductive health, elderly care, census completion by 2027.
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3. Blue NDC Challenge: Global Push to Integrate Oceans in Climate Action Ahead of COP30
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- The Blue Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) Challenge was launched by France and Brazil.
- Announced at the Third UN Ocean Conference (UNOC3).
- Aims to include ocean-focused climate actions in national climate commitments.
- Countries joined: Australia, Fiji, Kenya, Mexico, Palau, Seychelles.
- Backed by: Ocean Conservancy, World Resources Institute (WRI), Ocean and Climate Platform, and WWF-Brazil.
- Targets COP30, to be held in Belem, Brazil.
- Part of the commitments under the Paris Agreement (UNFCCC COP21).
- Connected to the concept of the Blue Economy.
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4. Pakistan Heads Major UNSC Committees (2025-26)
Key Points for SSC, UPSC & Other Govt Exams
- Pakistan elected as a non-permanent member of UNSC (2025-2026).
- Appointed Chair of the 1988 Taliban Sanctions Committee.
- Holds Vice Chair position in the 1373 Counter-Terrorism Committee (CTC).
- Also Co-Chair of 2 UNSC informal working groups.
- These roles are procedural, not power-driven.
- India previously chaired three key UNSC committees (2021-22).
- Pakistan will hold rotational UNSC Presidency in July 2025.
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